Randomised trial to determine the effect of vitamin D and zinc supplementation for improving treatment outcomes among patients with COVID-19 in India: trial protocol.

INTRODUCTION: Presently, there are few population-level strategies to address SARS-CoV-2 infection except preventive measures such as vaccination. Micronutrient deficiency, particularly vitamin D and zinc deficiency, has been associated with dysregulated host responses, and may play an important role in COVID-19. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: We have designed a 2×2 factorial, randomised, double-blind, multi-centre placebo-controlled trial to evaluate the effect of vitamin D and zinc on COVID-19 outcomes in Maharashtra, India. COVID-19 positive individuals are recruited from hospitals in Mumbai and Pune. Participants are provided (1) vitamin D3 bolus (180 000 IU) maintained by daily dose of 2000 IU and/or (2) zinc gluconate (40 mg daily), versus placebo for 8 weeks. Participants undergo a detailed assessment at baseline and at 8 weeks, and are monitored daily in hospital or every 3 days after leaving the hospital to assess symptoms and other clinical measures. A final follow-up telephone call occurs 12 weeks post-enrolment to assess long-term outcomes. The primary outcome of the study is to time to recovery, defined as time to resolution of all of fever, cough and shortness of breath. Secondary outcomes include: duration of hospital stay, all-cause mortality, necessity of assisted ventilation, change in blood biomarker levels and individual symptoms duration. Participant recruitment commenced on April 2021. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethical approval was obtained from institutional ethical committees of all participating institutions. The study findings will be presented in peer-reviewed medical journals. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBERS: NCT04641195, CTRI/2021/04/032593, HMSC (GOI)-2021-0060.

Prediction of COVID-19 Cases Over Globe with Expeditious Recovery

In the year 2002, first human was reported as infected by coronavirus named SARS (Severe acute respiratory syndrome) which was recognised in 2003 in Guangdong province of china. Populace of 26 countries were infected from this deadly virus ended with 8000 cases in 2003. This virus is transmitted from individual to individual. Initial symptoms include dry cough, difficulty in breathing/ choking and diarrhea. This virus was originated from bats. Previous studies have shown the emergence of novel coronavirus with high probability of its occurrence in china. Now, we are facing similar epidemic situation from the same class of virus named COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019). Warnings related to this epidemic situation heard but unheeded. Initial symptoms of this disease are very much like SARS. This research aimed to find out the important factors responsible for the outburst of COVID-19 and different methodologies used by experts to diagnose, detect and cure it. Results describes the world-wide confirmed, suspected, recovered and death cases. More-over the time-series forecasting prediction is used to predict the confirmed, recovered and death cases. This research is concluded with the precautionary measured suggested by experts who are monitoring COVID-19 cases.